On thin ice: Linking elevation and long-term losses of lake ice cover

Christianson, K.R., Loria, K.A., Blanken, P.D., Caine, N., and Johnson, P.T.J. 2021. On thin ice: Linking elevation and long-term losses of lake ice cover. Limnology and Oceanography Letters. Available at https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10181

Green lake 4 developing ice in November 2020, as captured by time lapse photography

Abstract

Despite long-term analyses of lake ice phenology globally, comparatively little is known about high-elevation lakes, for which climate shifts are thought to be occurring faster than at lower elevations. Using a 36-yr dataset (1983–2018) on alpine lakes (> 3000 m ASL) from the Green Lakes Valley, Colorado (GLV), we found that ice-cover duration decreased by an average of 24 d, due to both earlier ice-off (9 d) and especially later ice-on (15 d). Spring ice thickness also decreased by 0.88 cm yr−1. By comparison, ice-cover duration in the GLV is decreasing 50% faster than for Northern Hemisphere lakes (n = 215), which translates to an increase in open water duration 2.5 times more in the GLV than the average of the Northern Hemisphere. Our analytical comparison demonstrated more rapid trends in this alpine region compared to lakes more broadly, and especially emphasized the influence of elevation on lake ice phenology.